A statical review and analysis of the effects of Coca and Tea Intake Essay

A statical review and analysis of the effects of Coca and Tea Intake on Blood Pressure - Essay Example major steps: (1) Selection of studies; (2) The statistical procedures carried out to ensure that there was no publication bias and data heterogeneity was actually; (3) The actual data comparison on the effect of coffee and tea intervention on blood pressure. Selection of studies. Prospective articles for the meta-analysis were selected from the results of searches performed on major electronic medical databases (SCOPUS, EMBASE, and MEDLINE), the Science Citation Index, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry. Matches were found using the search items â€Å"chocolate,† â€Å"cocoa,† â€Å"tea,† â€Å"blood pressure,† â€Å"cardiovascular,† â€Å"endothelium† and â€Å"hypertension.† From the search, 3106 articles were screened for relevance, but only 454 were retrieved for assessment. From these, 409 studies were screened out because neither tea nor coffee was reported to have an effect on blood pressure. More studies were excluded because they were only observational, have incomplete randomization or outcome, treatment was shorter than 7 days, and used only supplements. Finally, only ten papers were included: five studied the effects of coffee and the other five studied effects of tea on blood pressure. All were randomized controlled trials on at least 10 adults. Data was extracted from the papers independently by two investigators, and then an eleven point Jadad scale was used to evaluate the trials. Jadads scale is a five questions scale, originally used to assess the quality of clinical trials. It asks about randomization, double –blinding, description of withdrawals from the study, description of the blinding and randomization (Clark, Castro and Filho). The interrater coefficients of agreement (kappa-ÃŽ º) were 0.94 for data extraction, and 0.89 for the quality of the trials. Participants were determined to be unblinded to the interventions. The changes in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in cocoa, tea or control groups were presented as

Discuss the lecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discuss the lecture - Essay Example She also discusses what challenges she had to face while writing the poems and researching for the book. The lecture is more of a personal story of how Rita Dove’s inspiration and journey that ended up in the form of this book. She tells it very much like a personal story of intrigue and research to find out about Bridgetower. She sprinkles her lecture with light humor every now and then to save the listeners from monotony and reads out from her book to help us actually see how her research on Bridgetower was employed to weave poems. Being a black American wed to a white man, and having a child she can totally relate to Bridegtower’s story. Being the son of an African prince and a Polish mother, Bridegtower was ‘different’ as Rita Dove calls it, his father helps him ‘exploiting the difference’ and that is explained by Rita Dove when she reads out ‘The wardrobe’. Similarly we notice that Dove virtually goes back in time and gets into Bridgestone’s shoes to explore what it felt like being him back then. The way Rita Dove tells the story of her research and inspiration behind the book, and then when we listen to those recitations of poems from Sonata Mulattica, we can easily see how she went into every small detail for writing her poems. Like she tells how Thomas Jefferson was there in one of Bridgetower’s concerts. And then the way she tells how being black or mixed or ‘different’ was treated differently back then if compared with todayâ€⠄¢s world. She calls this story ‘More than a story’ and her treatment of it proves that she has indeed turned it into more than a story, breathing life into it. Rita Dove loves playing music and her interest in music and classic compositions takes her at a totally different level to be able to understand and appreciate Bridgetower’s lost talent. She celebrates it